Much of the spread of participatory rural appraisal pra as an emerging. This type of ranking not only discusses relative positions of households in a community. Participatory rural appraisal, the origin of pra as coined by robert chambers as an approach to development planning and as a method of investigation evolved from many different sources. Participatory methodologies and participatory practices. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Participatory rural appraisal pra recently renamed participatory learning for action pla, is a methodological approach that is used to enable farmers to analyse their own situation and to develop a common perspective on natural resource management and agriculture at village level. Rapid rural appraisal, participatory rural appraisal and. Participatory analysis for community action paca training. Participatory rural appraisal techniques pras are a range of survey. Participatory assessment of rural livelihoods in the. This participatory rural appraisal manual was prepared for conducting participatory rural appraisal pra field exercises conducted under sepp. The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal pdf.
This approach emphasizes on local knowledge and help local community to make their own plans, analysis and appraisal. Different methods and techniques were employed in data collection for primary and secondary data. Regardless of whether it is carried out as part of project identification or appraisal or as part of country economic and sector work, the learning by doing and teamwork spirit of pra requires transparent procedures. Participation means different things to different people contribution by people to programmes labour kind. Below are some examples of participatory tools and how they have been used in practice. Participatory rural appraisal alongside the development of the rural livelihoods approach has been the emergence of participatory rural appraisal pra, described by chambers as a growing family of approaches and methods to enable local people to share, enhance and analyse their knowledge of life and conditions, and to plan, act, monitor and. Training manual on participatory rural appraisal food security. Participatory methods toolkit a practitioners manual. Participatory planning of integrated rural development programmes, in which the different sectors such as agriculture, sericulture, animal husbandry, education, health, etc. Participatory rural appraisal techniques were used within a rural livelihoods framework to assess the differing livelihoods of poor, average, and betteroff households. Participatory rural appraisal pra encompasses a broad range of methods to enable local people to analyse their own realities as the basis for planning, monitoring and evaluating development activities. Ppt participatory rural appraisal powerpoint presentation.
Participatory learning and action pla to reflect its broader application, and to emphasise that the process is designed to help set in motion locallyled action. Rra is regarded here as a set of guidelines and tools which can be used in many different ways and many different circumstances and without. An introductory chapter,with a comparative chartof the discussed methods,and a chapter with general guidelines for using participatory methods complete the toolkit. Some of the sources were modified to be utilized in a participatory mode, and the others were taken up as they were used for investigation and planning.
Activist participatory research has taken different forms and has been. Guidance is given on pra field exercises, pra tools, facilitation skills and the analysis of pra results. The use of participatory appraisal by veterinarians in africa. This has been described as a growing family of approaches and methods to enable local rural or urban people to express, enhance, share and analyze their knowledge of life and conditions, to plan and to act. Rra rapid rural appraisal and pra participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal concepts methodologies. Pra is an assessment and learning process that empowers. Participatory rural appraisal by narayanasamy, n ebook. Pra tools and techniques participatory rural appraisal pra is an exercise for communication and transfer of knowledge. Participation means different things to different people.
Participatory rural appraisal introduction in general participatory rural appraisal pra is a methodology employed specially in case of villagers for seeking their participation in putting forward their points of views about problems, analyze them and use the learning. The acronym, pra participatory rural appraisalassessment, may look misleading at first because it includes rural although it can be applied to urban neighbourhoods as well as rural villages, and because it implies appraisal or assessment even though it can be carried past the assessment stage on to action planning and project design. Appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. The origins and practice of participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. Role of participatory rural appraisal in community. Pra uses group animation and exercises to facilitate information sharing, analysis and action among stakeholders. A participatory approach which enables farmers to analyse their own situation and develop a common perspective on natural resource management and agriculture at village level. Rapid rural appraisal and participatory rural appraisal.
It is a participatory method to gather collect information by involvement of rural local communities for decision making and implementation of the development project, for the rural community, by the rural community and with the rural community. In recent years, this form of participatory rra has developed as an approach in itself and come to be known as participatory rural appraisal or pra. Pra results are presented to households at village planning meetings and form a foundation for the. Aug 07, 2014 participatory rural appraisal appraisal the finding out of information about problems, needs, and potential in a village. Participatory rural appraisal pra is an approach which encourage the community to share their opinions, ideas and experiences pertaining to the local problems, issues and needs. Our learning basically are limited to one aspect of life.
The book vividly describes the methods of pra, highlighting the essential. As noted in the sections that follow, these methods are participatory and qualitative and are especially valuable in gathering information that will provide insights about people and the communities in which they live. Social map is different from other regular maps in significant ways. Primary data were collected from the local communities using participatory rural appraisal tools, such as focus group discussions fgds, key informant interviews kiis, participatory observations, and expert interviews. A transect, however depicts a cross sectional view of the different agro ecological zones and provides a comparative assessment of the zones of different parameters. There were found to be marked differences between households, particularly in human resources, landholdings, and cattle numbers, affecting the livelihood strategies pursued. Experienced and trained facilitators should use the participatory tools in the community. However, he goes on to say that this will also require farmers to assume more responsibility to determine and pay for extension services and programs.
That is, it is especially good at getting certain kinds of information and not so good at getting other types. Reflections on rra led to the development of participatory rural appraisal pra, which had a stronger focus on facilitation, empowerment. Firstly, it is a philosophy and a way of thinking that emphasises reversals in power relations between. Primary data were collected from the local communities using participatory rural appraisal tools, such as focus group discussions fgds, key informant interviews kiis. Participatory rural appraisal tools pacific climate change. Participatory rural appraisal pra and pra implementation. The first set of pms to emerge from this work with a clear identity was rapid rural appraisal rra, which focused on how outsiders could quickly learn from local people about their realities and challenges. This paper draws on experiences of applying participatory rural appraisal pra in a oneweek planning workshop in m. One has to be ready to learn from all kinds of people. Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action and evaluation. Participatory rural appraisal unnat bharat abhiyan. The scope of pra now also includes urban residents and other populations such as.
These different information gathering methodologies can. The gram sabha shall prioritize the proposals as per the situation analysis vis a vis resource envelope and. Pra analysis has lent itself to visual forms of dis. The resource map provides a birds eye view of the locality with a focus of natural resources. In addition to these fiches,you will find a brief overview of almost40 other methods and techniques. The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programmes. This book is based on the authors decadelong intensive field experienceeach method is explained by drawing on fieldbased illustrations. Participatory rural appraisal pra is an approach used by nongovernmental organizations ngos and other agencies involved in. For the purposes of this document, as clear distinction has been made between rapid rural appraisal rra and participatory rural appraisal pra precisely in order to accommodate this difference. These methods originate from different places and each has its own tools. Pla can be described in two different, complementary ways. Participatory learning and action participatory rural appraisal creative conflict management programme and project cycle management people and participation facilitating workshops facilitator training for more information, go to our short courses page or email. Participatory method to gather collect information by involvement of rural local communities for decision making and implementation of the project. Environmental assessment manual for community development projects.
Participatory rural appraisal pra tools were utilised and comprehensive community action plans, with gender considerations, developed. Participatory means that people are involved in the process a bottomup approach that requires good communication skills and attitude of project staff. Pra process is to mobilize all available, accessible and. Tracking and identification of beneficiaries for appropriate programmes. Overview of participatory rural appraisal pra 57 the need for an alternative to traditional research there was a need to find a research method that would give power to the powerless and. The clear reference to participatory methodology is also reflected in the labeling of various action research approaches, for example participatory action research par. Participatory rural appraisal pra as a method falls under the qualitative and participatory group of research methods. Participatory rural appraisal approaches for public. Participatory rural appraisal an overview sciencedirect. Pdf manual for participatory rural appraisal pra in. It works in approximately 2,000 villages in south india, in. In much of the documentation on rra and pra, the difference between the two is not immediately obvious and rra and pra are talked about as if they were more or less the same thing. Feb 08, 2015 participatory rural appraisal introduction in general participatory rural appraisal pra is a methodology employed specially in case of villagers for seeking their participation in putting forward their points of views about problems, analyze them and use the learning.
Participatory rural appraisal pra, participatory technology development ptd, participatory learning and action pla, participatory learning method palm and farmer participatory research fpr. The acronym, pra participatory rural appraisal assessment, may look misleading at first because it includes rural although it can be applied to urban neighbourhoods as well as rural villages, and because it implies appraisal or assessment even though it can be carried past the assessment stage on to action planning and project design. Public disclosure authorized the african network on. Participatory rural appraisal pra is a specific form of rapid rural appraisal rra, a research techniques developed in the late 1970s and early 1980s by the researchers in the international development as an alternative and compliment to conventional sample survey. To highlight the different pra techniques available for understanding the access. The rapid rural appraisal rra approach is the largest contributor, for both principle and techniques developed by the participatory rural appraisal pra. Become familiar with the full range of participatory research assessment pra and rapid rural appraisal rra tools that can be used for participatory assessments.
Participatory rural appraisal pra methods, now known as participatory learning and action pla, have been extensively used in development research, action. Participatory rural appraisal pra is an approach used by nongovernmental organizations ngos and other agencies involved in international development. An approach and methods for learning about rural life and conditions from, with and by rural people. Participatory assessment of rural livelihoods in the central. Tools and techniques used in participatory rural appraisal. Participatory rural appraisal and participatory learning methods. A transect is different from resource map despite areas of overlap. It grew out of the many requests for materials which could address, simultaneously, the needs for tools to use in community development, urban and rural appraisal, gender and socioeconomic analysis, and other participatory methodologies. Thus, pra is used to facilitate information sharing. Participatory rural appraisal pra has been defined as a. Pra is one of the models of rra that is more participative.
1000 754 1089 903 294 1492 1608 153 748 1301 917 968 153 269 1296 1166 115 937 606 52 452 1087 1208 320 975 205 1430 230 1065 810 424 853 1013 1333 1250 656 202 26 429 530 1092 1300 1054 241